Extended special HTML characters and codes
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About extended special HTML characters
and codes and how to apply
List of extended special HTML characters and code
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About extended special HTML characters and how to apply
In order to insert some characters in HTML a special code known as extended HTML must be added to the code. If these codes are not used properly you'll often get a box, other text garbage, or your page will not be displayed properly because the browser does not properly understand the character. Most users first encounter this problem when attempting to add characters such as " & ", " " ", " > ", and " < ."
In the case of the less than and greater than these characters cannot be used in your HTML code because the HTML markup is generated using these characters. Using these characters instead of the extended HTML causes the web page to not load properly.
To properly insert a "<" or ">" or any extended HTML into your HTML instead of using these characters on your keyboard type the HTML extended code. For the less than ( < ) as shown in the below chart it's "<" for the greater than ( > ) it's ">" all extended HTML code begins with an ampersand (&) and is followed by a semicolon ( ; ). In addition to using the HTML code that is often easier to remember using the ISO code also works.
Finally, if you're using a WYSIWYG HTML editor make sure you're inserting these codes into the HTML code and not the page layout.
List of extended special HTML characters and code
| Punctuation | HTML | ISO code | Name or meaning |
| – | – | – | En dash |
| — | — | — | Em dash |
| ¡ | ¡ | ¡ | Inverted exclamation |
| ¿ | ¿ | ¿ | Inverted question mark |
| " | " | " | Quotation mark |
| « | « | « | Angled quotes / guillemet |
| » | » | » | Angled quotes / guillemet |
| |   | Non-breaking space | |
| & | & | & | Ampersand |
| ¢ | ¢ | ¢ | Cent |
| © | © | © | Copyright |
| ° | ° | ° | Degree |
| ÷ | ÷ | ÷ | Divide |
| > | > | > | Greater than |
| < | < | < | Less than |
| µ | µ | µ | Micron |
| · | · | · | Middle dot |
| ¶ | ¶ | ¶ | Pilcrow (paragraph sign) |
| ± | ± | ± | Plus/minus |
| € | € | € | Euro |
| π | π | Π | Pi |
| £ | £ | £ | British Pound Sterling |
| ® | ® | ® | Registered |
| § | § | § | Section |
| ¥ | ¥ | ¥ | Japanese Yen |
| ´ | ´ | Acute accent with no letter grave | |
| ` | ` | Accent/reversed apostrophe with no letter | |
| á | á | á | Lowercase "a" with acute accent |
| Á | Á | Á | Uppercase "A" with acute accent |
| à | à | à | Lowercase "a" with grave accent |
| À | À | À | Uppercase "A" with grave accent |
| â | â | â | Lowercase "a" with circumflex |
| Â | Â | Â | Uppercase "A" with circumflex |
| å | å | å | Lowercase "a" with ring |
| Å | Å | Å | Uppercase "A" with ring |
| ã | ã | ã | Lowercase "a" with tilde |
| Ã | Ã | Ã | Uppercase "A" with tilde |
| ä | ä | ä | Lowercase "a" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| Ä | Ä | Ä | Uppercase "A" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| æ | æ | æ | Lowercase "ae" ligature |
| Æ | Æ | Æ | Uppercase "AE" ligature |
| ç | ç | ç | Lowercase "c" with cedilla |
| Ç | Ç | Ç | Uppercase "C" with cedilla |
| é | é | é | Lowercase "e" with acute accent |
| É | É | É | Uppercase "E" with acute accent |
| è | è | è | Lowercase "e" with grave accent |
| È | È | È | Uppercase "E" with grave accent |
| ê | ê | ê | Lowercase "e" with circumflex |
| Ê | Ê | Ê | Uppercase "E" with circumflex |
| ë | ë | ë | Lowercase "e" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| Ë | Ë | Ë | Uppercase "E" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| í | í | í | Lowercase "i" with acute accent |
| Í | Í | Í | Uppercase "I" with acute accent |
| ì | ì | ì | Lowercase "i" with grave accent |
| ì | Ì | Ì | Uppercase "I" with grave accent |
| î | î | î | Lowercase "i" with circumflex |
| Î | Î | Î | Uppercase "I" with circumflex |
| ï | ï | ï | Lowercase "i" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| Ï | Ï | Ï | Uppercase "I" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| ñ | ñ | ñ | Lowercase "n" with tilde |
| Ñ | Ñ | Ñ | Uppercase "N" with tilde |
| ó | ó | ó | Lowercase "o" with acute accent |
| Ó | Ó | Ó | Uppercase "O" with acute accent |
| ò | ò | ò | Lowercase "o" with grave accent |
| Ò | Ò | Ò | Uppercase "O" with grave accent |
| ô | ô | ô | Lowercase "o" with circumflex |
| Ô | Ô | Ô | Uppercase "O" with circumflex |
| ø | ø | ø | Lowercase "o" with slash |
| Ø | Ø | Ø | Uppercase "O" with slash |
| õ | õ | õ | Lowercase "o" with tilde |
| Õ | Õ | Õ | Uppercase "O" with tilde |
| ö | ö | ö | Lowercase "o" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| Ö | Ö | Ö | Uppercase "O" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| ß | ß | ß | ess-tsett |
| ú | ú | ú | Lowercase "u" with acute accent |
| Ú | Ú | Ú | Uppercase "U" with acute accent |
| ù | ù | ù | Lowercase "u" with grave accent |
| Ù | Ù | Ù | Uppercase "U" with grave accent |
| û | û | û | Lowercase "u" with circumflex |
| Û | Û | Û | Uppercase "U" with circumflex |
| ü | ü | ü | Lowercase "u" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| Ü | Ü | Ü | Uppercase "U" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| ÿ | ÿ | ÿ | Lowercase "y" with diaeresis/umlaut |