Alright, I've made a breakthrough, although it just makes everything more confusing.
I use a program called jetclean from time to time, it searches out and deletes dead files etc, it's an excellent cleaning software. While I was using it I looked through the settings and saw that there's another software by the same company called jetboost, and decided to check it out. One of it's unintentional uses is that it allows you to quickly and easily target any and all processes and services on your computer, and lets you temporarily disable them with a single central button. Well, using it's recommended settings, it stopped 20 services and enabled 4 of its own boosting techniques; cleaning the ram, clearing the clipboard, disabling automatic updates, and enabling the "jet boost power solution". Now, at first when I used this software to see if it would restore my PC to its original speed, it did, and I was elated that I could finally find what service was causing the problem. After going through every single service in the list, none of them restored my system's speed and response time when disabled. However, I still had the 4 extra options to chose from. Obviously it wouldn't be something like clearing the clipboard or disabling automatic updates, so I checked to see if the "jet boost power solution" was restoring my system's speed, and to my surprise, it was.
Here's all I can find about this option:
"Changes your power settings to high performance"
From the website:
"Game power solution:Optimizes your PC power setting to deliver a powerful gaming experience"
That's literally everything. The weird thing is, I've always had my power settings set to high performance. It's doing SOMETHING to my PC to make it not lag anymore, and I have no freaking idea what. As relieving as it is to have a solution to the problem, it's just a bandage, and I still don't know what specifically is wrong. I have to just always have this program running with this option in order to have a not-laggy computer. The fact that I have absolutely no idea why my entire system is extremely laggy, and became extremely laggy out of nowhere, is still bothering me.
I might just backup my ssd, format it, and reinstall windows.