Why use for twisted-pair instead of coaxial cable?

[Geek-9pm]

My best guess is that it's more economical. But it may be that it's easier to install. Or perhaps there is an advantage to better bandwidth, but I'm not too sure about that.
Instead of doing a lot of research through Google and we waiting through a lot of stuff you might find on the IEEE website, I love might be easier just to ask here because surely some of you must know the answer.
So I'm going to put this as a vote to see what kind of answers others might have and to make it more interesting.

You can vote as often as you like, but please just pick one item whenever you vote. And be sure to leave a comment to make this thread more interesting and educational.
Just to make sure everybody knows or talking about, for twisted-pair refers to the common cable that everybody uses now days to die computers together over Ethernet. This cable is often referred to as CAT-5 orCAT-6 cable. The most common collects cables that were used at one time was the RG 58 cable that required a 52 ohm Terminator.
 

[Mark.]

I think you are comparing apples to oranges.

twisted pair, or Ethernet, cable is for networks, either LAN or WAN.
coaxial cable is for TV, or cable broadband, audio/visual, etc.

for Ethernet, the 'twists' in the pairs is actually important.
inside the Ethernet cable are 8 wires, in 4 pairs(green, brown, blue, orange), and each pair is twisted at different rates.
of the 8 strands, only 3 are needed to make a connection between devices, thus allowing for expansion in the standard and piggy-backing two connections in the one line.
also Ethernet cable is predominantly used by other trades like phone guys for PABX and inter-building communications(phones, cameras) due to it being very cheap.
you can't connect, for example, two PC's together with just a coax cable.

[Geek-9pm]

Mark, please do some research. Before 1995 most of us were using coax for Ethernet. It was called '10-base' something and it was the TCP/IP thing used for a local network at the time. But the four pair twisted pair started to move in.
So which is better? Why? Who decided? How? When?
Using frequency multiplexing you can have four bands on a coax. Or more if you want.
Current practice on CAT5 is to only used two pair, not all four. 

[patio]

Instead of scolding Mark to do his research do some of your own...coax hasnt been the cable of choice since the days you mentioned...

[Geek-9pm]

Sooty Mark. I was too harsh.
Patio is right,. Coax is compered better. But why are so many now using twisted pair?  They claim a Ethernet four pair can do up to 10 gigabits. This new technology is just changing too fast for me. 
I found this is a Google.But I wonder if he really knows.
https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_basic_idea_behind_the_twisted_pair_Why_are_the_two_wires_twisted_How_does_this_arrangement_compensate_undesirable_disturbances
Anybody out there know the real  answer?

[Mark.]

@geek,

it's all good.
yes you are right, back in those days it was indeed 10base2, I still have the BNC terminators and T connectors in my network kit as we used to have game-fests where we would take our PC's to each other's places, lay the coax to all the rooms and PC's and frag each other. (good times)

I have not seen it used for literally decades and had assumed it no longer exists.
I doubt you can buy the network cards for that obsolete standard still?  (maybe in used, striped-out component, e-waste, surplus equipment stores)

[BC_Programmer]

Geek, are you actually looking for somebody who "knows the real answer" or do you simply refuse to accept the one you found?

[Geek-9pm]

I have yet to find a clear, concise answer that my mind can handle. 
If RG6 coax is so much better, Why use CAT6 cable?
I can search for the above, but the answers lack authoritative proof.
Example:

For strictly TV viewing needs, the RG6 cable is esential for your HDTV. While the Cat6 can be useful, it is only required for the secondary data uses of the HDTV.

No proof given. 

I am hoping to find a real Electronic Engineer who is not a typical tech writer.

[Mark.]

for me, the answer lies in the availability of those 10base2 cards - in other words, where are they all?

[Geek-9pm]

for me, the answer lies in the availability of those 10base2 cards - in other words, where are they all?

There are some still out there.
Somewhere.  Maybe.
To be useful, two are needed. 

Here is yet another nice explanation of coax, but it does not say why everybody went to UTP. (Un-shielded Twisted Pair.)
http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=683070&seqNum=2
The author has credentials.
In fact, she says:

coax provides from 370 to 1,000 times more capacity than single twisted-pair.

Do the math, anybody?
EDIT:This link only claims UTP is more easy to install.
https://www.wireandcabletips.com/when-should-i-use-twisted-pair-versus-coaxial-cables/

... The biggest advantage to twisted pair cabling is in installation, as it is often thinner than coax.

I don't thin k so. 

[BC_Programmer]

Of course the 10base2 cards created before could still be around. I think Mark is pointing out that you can't go to the shop and buy a 10base2 PCI-E Card, and 10base2 isn't built into motherboards.

If RG6 coax is so much better, Why use CAT6 cable?
I can search for the above, but the answers lack authoritative proof.

Isn't that leading your google search with an assumption, though? Because the entire reason for your query is to determine what makes UTP or STP cable better for modern networks, so you can't just start out with the assertion that RG6 Coaxial cable is "so much better"- that's going to lead your results.

Coaxial cable is more prone to crosstalk, interference, and induction, and it is also more expensive. UTP is much cheaper and is less susceptible to those electromagnetic issues than even shielded coaxial cable. This was found relatively early on- 802.3e has the first UTP standards. It was more standardized to standard ethernet protocols in 802.3i. Twisted-pair is also necessary for high-speed ethernet.

But hold a second, you might think- "But Internet is coming in over a coax via Cable internet!" Which is correct. But that information is Analog information, which is why you need a modem. Ethernet is a digital protocol which means it would be far more sensitive to the electronic weaknesses of coaxial cable, which was actually the case in practice. 802.3u dropped Coax as a standard connection type with 100mbps Ethernet, which in the standards is only done with Twisted Pair cables or Fiber optic cables. That is why 10/100 cards sometimes have BNC or a connection for an Attachment Unit Interface (That 15 pin thing), which were standards for 10Mbit Ethernet, but Ethernet cards that don't support 10mbps Ethernet standards at all don't have those connections, since 100 mbps Ethernet cannot use those connectors or their cables as part of the standards.

[Geek-9pm]

Thank yu for your reply,BC.
How can I use  Google for an answer that is very clear and explains things clearly?

Grated, there is a lot of coax already in use by the TV cable companies. Is it any factor  the resewn they stick with coax?
Also, is not Digital better than  Analog?
And is it not true that the USA has moved from Analog to Digital TV?

So then, why not just use CAT5 to drop all services to a new house?
Could you not have telephone, Internet and 100 channels of digital TV on one CAT5 cable?

When I was a youngster I was deep into the math stuff and could calculate some of the things in theoretical communications media. .But the technology moves so fast that I am left behind. Many of the tech writers seem to water stuff down so much that you can not tell what is verifiable and what is not.

Do you have some links that show CAT6 is better than coax for short haul data?

(Of course for long distance and high speed your either go microwave or fiber optic. That has been true for some time, with fiber overtaking microwave is many applications. But fiber has a latency issue at the present time.)

[patio]

Grated, there is a lot of coax already in use by the TV cable companies. Is it any factor  the resewn they stick with coax?
Also, is not Digital better than  Analog?
And is it not true that the USA has moved from Analog to Digital TV?

BC explained this above...re-read his Post...

[Mark.]

I think it is like Betamax versus VHS - didn't matter who came first or which was better - for whatever reason (yeah, I know it was the porn market) the industry went with VHS.
same with this coax versus ethernet - coax is dead (for networking), long live ethernet.
I think Geek, even if you research the crap out of this, and maybe even came to the conclusion coax is the answer, you just can't buy them any more, no one supports it and none exist out there in the real world now days.

[Geek-9pm]

Mark,
I have done some research and I am not going to buy the equipment. Direct TV does have a kit for people who want to run Ethernet over the coax that runs around the house.  It is some on Amazon. It is for people who hate CAT6 and want to use the coax they have. Much too expensive for me.

Got to Amazon and search for Ethernet over Coax and find a kit from Direct TV.

[patio]

Not worth it at all...invite your cable guy over and buy him a burger and a six=pack...he'll be done in no time.

[Geek-9pm]

Not worth it at all...invite your cable guy over and buy him a burger and a six=pack...he'll be done in no time.

You are so right!
Some of the commercial adapters go for $75 each. Even more, some a lot more.. To wire up just two PCs you need four adapters. So to do two PCs you need four adapters  Wow!

[Geek-9pm]

After going through a number of articles on this topic, I am ready to stop.
For most users, there is almost no point in using coaxial cable for Ethernet.
The main issue is cost. After that are installation, maintenance and efficiency. The CAT55 cable is more than enough for anything anybody would want.

Well, some special devices might need coax, that that is very limited. My Oscilloscope requires coax. But that's outside ht range of this topic. 

[patio]

After going through a number of articles on this topic, I am ready to stop.

Well you started it...