I was in the process of writing a post to get more input on this issue but then in the process of providing information by eliminating possibilities, I managed to solve it. Figure I'd post it anyway as it may be useful for somebody experiencing the same issues.
I recently got a Compaq SR5450f System for free and set to work cleaning it up, getting rid of the massive dust bunnies living inside, and making it look good as new.
One annoyance was that HP no longer provides any software or driver downloads for "legacy" systems as far as I could find.
The system had 4GB of DDR2, N2180 CPU, 9800GT Graphics card, 750GB Hard Drive.
HDD was the first to go. Seatools claimed it was fine, but I had a 1TB new in box that I threw that in instead.
I found that during Windows setup, it would hang. Eventually, after many attempts at practicing typing through the appropriate prompts as fast as possible, I managed to get through the setup process. Once Windows 7 was installed, it continued to hang (I'm not sure what I expected...). I found that if i disabled the Graphics Card in device manager, it wouldn't. That eliminated my concern that it was an electrical problem with the motherboard as was the case for another system I had previously. Linux Mint 19 running from a USB Drive also didn't hang, and was able to use the full resolution of the graphics card which was even more puzzling to me.
Since I knew the Graphics card itself was good (it was working in another system) I updated the drivers in Windows. No change- still hung.
I swapped out the 250W Power supply with a 400W unit. Still no change.
Alright, maybe there is a problem with the CPU? swapped in my Quad Core Q8200. (I planned to put it in anyway). Still the same.
Alright, perhaps it is the memory? it had two sticks of Corsair XMS2 Memory. I ran memtest and allowed it to run for 6 hours or so- several passes at least. No errors.
Then I realized I had forgotten all about chipset drivers. Once I finally found those, I installed them, and got an Inaccessible Boot Device Blue screen at Boot. OK, nevermind... Not quite what I was hoping for. Had to use Last Known good configuration to get out of a boot loop.
At some point during this I threw in a new CMOS battery since the one in the system was completely dead. Had no effect.
I was running out of ideas at this point, so decided to see about updating the BIOS. Since it still had the original revision from 2007 and the latest was 2010.
Once I managed to get that to run through (It failed in safe mode claiming I had the wrong motherboard, so I disabled my graphics card so that I could run in normal mode and it flashed the BIOS without incident). I was pleased to find- though a bit surprised- that this resolved the problem! It's no longer hanging. Victory.
I guess every once in a while a BIOS update can solve show-stopping issues!