The default for Windows File Explorer is to hide the file extensions so you don't see them. I personally can't stand not seeing the file extensions so I always change that setting to display extensions. If you changed that setting to hide extensions, you would no longer see the extensions in File Explorer. Not sure if that is sufficient for you or not.
You could change the extension from .mp3 to .music (I guess, never actually tried it) and then you would need to associate the .music extension to use your preferred music player. Some programs use the extension to know how to handle a file while others ignore the extension and look at the contents of the file to know how to handle. For instance, you might have files with the extensions .mp3 and .aac. If you changed those both to .music, programs that depend on the extension to determine what type of file it is and how to decode it, will not work.