1. Operating System Version. What operating system version are you running? Windows XP Home Edition, Professional, or something else entirely? Original, Service Pack 1 (SP1), or SP2? Is the operating system current with all updates?
2. Symptoms. OK, you believe your system shutdown by itself... Just once or is it now a recurrent problem?
Now, 40% percent of the time when you're able to login to Windows; it freezes when you open a folder or right click anywhere. Do you ever see any error messages? If so, please post the exact text and/or numbers.
The other 60% percent of the time, when you don't get that far, what happens? Do you ever see any error messages? If so, please post the exact text and/or numbers. Does the POST diagnostic screen display look normal?
3. Safe Mode. Login to "Safe Mode" and let it set awhile. Does it freeze in Safe Mode while the operating system is just sitting there not doing much of anything?
4. File System Integrity. When was the last time you did a "thorough" scan of the file system? When was the last time you "defragged" the file system?
5. CPU/Memory. To eliminate the Windows software as the source of your problem, you can download memory test software, create boot floppy or CD, and execute it. This will test your system memory and stress your CPU at the same time (exercising basic CPU functions. It also doesn't use your hard disk, should that be triggering your problems. Recommend "MemTest86 v3.3" from following web site (avoid v3.4 for now - believe it to be a bad build):
http://www.memtest86.com/6. Hard Disk Drive. Most manufacturers provide diagnostic software that you may download and boot to test the integrity of the hard drive (as well as its disk surfaces). Go to their web site to find it.
7. Missing/Corrupt System Files. What type of installation media do you have? OEM Recovery Partition, OEM Recovery/Restore CD, OEM Windows XP Setup CD, Microsoft Retail Windows XP Setup CD? The system file check utility "sfc" of Windows XP may be used to check the integrity of your system files and restore them with fresh copy if corrupt.
8. Computer turns off without warning:
http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000689.htm9. Windows freezes or stops responding frequently:
http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000690.htm