jason2074, Welcome to the Ch forums. The reasons for a fan failure can be varied. Also so can the remedies from simple to not so.The easiest would be to blow out the interior of the computer with compressed air.When doing this procedure one needs to ensure that the fan blades do not freewheel as this can damage them. Yes if the fans fail to operate computers will usually shut down due to overheating. Absolutely your Friend should stop using the computer until the fan cooling is restored.The fan itself can be defective--that does happen.Also the terminals connected to the power for the fans may have become disconnected. For most people it is not advisable to probe around in the interior of a laptop (unlike a desktop which with proper precautions can readily be delved into).
I would try the dust removal 1st and see what you get from that point.truenorth