For an 8600GT, 88C is pretty high, but not dangerously so.
You say you've cleaned inside the computer, but have you cleaned the card itself thoroughly? Dust can build up inside the card's heatsink, and as the fins are tightly spaced it affects temperatures very badly.
Odd that increasing the fan speed does not affect the temperatures at all, are you sure the fan is spinning faster?
What case and cooling fans do you have at the minute, and how are they arranged?