Yes you can, at least in my case.
I have a U.S. Robotics router and it gives me three places to check.
One is the DHCP allocation section that shows the IP Addresses and MAC Addresses for Dynamic Allocation.
The second place is the Wireless connection section.
The third one is the Trace Log, if enabled.
Hope that helps.
And an other place to check, if have it, is the Apache Server Access log.
And also if you have XP, there is the Windows Firewall log that displays Dropped Packets or Successfull Connections.