My Google skills aren't helping me much here, so I figured I'd throw myself in with you lot and see what you come up with!
I have a Brother MFC-J430W, connected wirelessly. Lately, it "disappears" from the home network. (In other words, power remains on, the little wireless indicator shows no bars, I can't print to it, or ping its IP; it still will make copies, and I can manually start the scanner - although without connectivity, the scan goes nowhere). The network remains "stable"; my PCs, iPads, phones, etc., that access the same wireless point do not have trouble connecting. I have one other device that remains "on" - the Blu-Ray player, and it hasn't dropped its wireless in over 13 months.
The printer is located one room over from the router, and has not moved since it was installed. Other devices are in that room and on other floors, and still access the router. It is a static IP, and nothing else in the network is ever assigned an IP anywhere near it. (It's .10, my router assigns starting at .65).
This first started happening about seven or eight months ago; the printer has been installed for nearly two (maybe three?) years (and the router for longer than that). It appears to be completely random, there is no pattern that I can determine. There doesn't seem to be any specific external condition (eg after vacuuming the room, when the guitar amplifier is on).
As far as I know, it does not self-correct. I have never noticed that it had lost its signal, and then later noticed that it had regained it. (For all I know that's happening, I've just never observed it).
If I power the printer off and on, it corrects; I can also go through the setup menu (without turning it off) and it will re-initialize it.
The Brother site's help is of no use to me, and most of the troubleshooting I've found seems to focus on router changes, DHCP issues, or other things I'm not experiencing.