Algorithm

Derived from the name of the mathematician Mohammed ibn-Musa Al-Khowarizmi, an algorithm is a list of instructions, procedures or formulas used to solve a problem. For example, algorithms could look at incoming e-mail to determine if it is spam or legitimate e-mail. Ada Lovelace is credited as being the first person to develop an algorithm for a machine.

Also see: Cipher, Hashing, MDC, Programming definitions